2. Anticipation

Anticipation is used to prepare the audience for an action, and to make the action appear more realistic. A dancer jumping off the floor has to bend his knees first; a golfer making a swing has to swing the club back first. The technique can also be used for less physical actions, such as a character looking off-screen to anticipate someone's arrival, or attention focusing on an object that a character is about to pick up.

Lets say a character is getting ready to punch he anticipates look fig 1. The audience becomes ready that some thing is going to happen or else the scene will come and go and the audience will be ooh what just happen because they were not ready for it.Then he punches fig 2 or may be he falls down(cartoon style :D) either way people are ready for it.